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Objective To explore the sociodemographic and psychological factors influencing the continuity of treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease under the regular epidemic prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods A total of 277 patients with chronic kidney disease who were admitted to Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University) from Apr. 2020 to Mar. 2021 were enrolled and divided into 3 groups: non-dialysis group (n=102), hemodialysis (HD) group (n=108), and peritoneal dialysis (PD) group (n=67). All patients were investigated by online and offline questionnaires, including self-designed basic situation questionnaire, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and self-rating depression scale (SDS). The general sociodemographic data, anxiety and depression of the 3 groups were compared, and the influence of sociodemographic and psychological factors on the interruption or delay of treatment was analyzed by binary logistic regression model. Results There were significant differences in age distribution, marital status, occupation, medical insurance type, caregiver type, whether there was an urgent need for hospitalization and whether treatment was delayed or interrupted among the 3 groups (all P0.05). The average SAS score of 65 PD patients was 38.15+/-15.83, including 53 (81.5%) patients without anxiety, 7 (10.8%) patients with mild anxiety, and 5 (7.7%) patients with moderate to severe anxiety. The average SAS score of 104 patients in the HD group was 36.86+/-14.03, including 81 (77.9%) patients without anxiety, 18 (17.3%) patients with mild anxiety, and 5 (4.8%) patients with moderate to severe anxiety. There were no significant differences in the mean score of SAS or anxiety severity grading between the 2 groups (both P0.05). The mean SDS scores of 65 PD patients were 53.42+/-13.30, including 22 (33.8%) patients without depression, 21 (32.3%) patients with mild depression, and 22 (33.8%) patients with moderate to severe depression. The mean SDS scores of 104 patients in the HD group were 50.79+/-10.76, including 36 (34.6%) patients without depression, 56 (53.8%) patients with mild depression, and 12 (11.6%) patients with moderate to severe depression. There were no significant differences in mean SDS scores or depression severity grading between the 2 groups (both P0.05). The results of intra-group comparison showed that the incidence and severity of depression were higher than those of anxiety in both groups. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that high school education level (odds ratio OR=5.618, 95% confidence interval CI) 2.136-14.776, P0.01), and unmarried (OR=6.916, 95% CI 1.441-33.185, P=0.016), divorced (OR= 5.588, 95% CI 1.442-21.664, P=0.013), urgent need for hospitalization (OR=8.655, 95% CI 3.847-19.476, P0.01) could positively promote the continuity of treatment in maintenance dialysis patients under the regular epidemic prevention and control of COVID-19. In the non-dialysis group, no sociodemographic and psychological factors were found to be associated with the interruption or delay of treatment (P0.05). Conclusion Education, marital status, and urgent need for hospitalization are correlated with the continuity of treatment in patients with chronic kidney disease on maintenance dialysis.Copyright © 2022, Second Military Medical University Press. All rights reserved.
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Using the Chinese Discourse Studies (CNDS) as a theoretical framework, this study seeks to challenge the cultural essentialism and uncritical roots of existing literature, with an aim to expose long-standing patterns of Western totalizing discourse in the field of international education research. This exploratory article explores how Chinese international students as cultural agents respond to the global pandemic and pandemic-related stereotypes. Through a critical analysis of 21 Chinese students' narratives, this article identifies three culturally specific characteristics that pervade Chinese normative dialogues: (1) Chinese dialectics, (2) Chinese harmony, and (3) Chinese self-criticism. They are often employed to emphasize Chinese optimistic attitudes in times of crisis, avoidance of confrontation for harmonious communication, and moral character of self-introspection to conform to the social norm. This article offers new empirical evidence for the reconstruction of the Chinese paradigm of discourse studies and reveals the inappropriateness of Western scholarship for understanding non-Western linguistic and communicative events and practices. In sum, this article demonstrates that Chinese discourse studies can be a potential decolonial option to depart from deep-seated scholarship in Western intellectual supremacy and a visionary framework to advance multicultural discourses about international education against the backdrop of geopolitical tensions and anti-Asian racism.
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed the globe ever since its first appearance in December 2019. It is an acute respiratory illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and over 540 million people have contracted COVID-19 as of mid-2022. For COVID-19 patients, gastrointestinal symptoms including anorexia and diarrhoea are frequently occurred, implicating the involvement of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Indeed, accumulating evidence has reported the association of altered microbiota with SARS-CoV-2 infection, disease severity, and post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. In this chapter, the roles of gut microbiota in COVID-19 as well as its mechanistic interplays with host after SARS-CoV-2 infection are explored. Given its importance to this disease, approaches to restore the altered microbiota may be utilised as potential treatments of COVID-19. Hence, different strategies to modulate the microbiota including dietary intervention, prebiotics, and probiotics against SARS-CoV-2 infection are also discussed. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.
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In recent years, the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic has posed a serious threat to the life safety of people around the world, which has also led to the development of a series of online learning assessment technologies. Through the research and development of a variety of online learning platforms such as WeChat, Tencent Classroom and Netease Cloud Classroom, schools can carry out online learning assessment, which also promotes the rapid development of online learning technology. Through 2D and 3D recognition technology, the online learning platform can recognize face and pose changes. Based on 2D and 3D image processing technology, we can evaluate students' online learning, which will identify students' learning state and emotion. Through the granulation of teaching evaluation, online learning platform can accurately evaluate and analyze the teaching process, which can realize real-time teaching evaluation of students' learning status, including no one, many people, distraction and fatigue. Through relevant algorithms, the online learning platform can realize the assessment of students' head posture, which will give real-time warning of learning fatigue. Firstly, this paper analyzes the framework of online learning quality assessment. Then, this paper analyzes the face recognition and head pose recognition technology. Finally, some suggestions are put forward. © 2023 SPIE.
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The identification of surrogate markers for gold standard outcomes in clinical trials enables future cost-effective trials that target the identified markers. Due to resource limitations, these surrogate markers may be collected only for cases and for a subset of the trial cohort, giving rise to what is termed the case-cohort design. Motivated by a COVID-19 vaccine trial, we propose methods of assessing the surrogate markers for a time-to-event outcome in a case-cohort design by using mediation and instrumental variable (IV) analyses. In the mediation analysis we decomposed the vaccine effect on COVID-19 risk into an indirect effect (the effect mediated through the surrogate marker such as neutralizing antibodies) and a direct effect (the effect not mediated by the marker), and we propose that the mediation proportions are surrogacy indices. In the IV analysis we aimed to quantify the causal effect of the surrogate marker on disease risk in the presence of surrogatedisease confounding which is unavoidable even in randomized trials. We employed weighted estimating equations derived from nonparametric maximum likelihood estimators (NPMLEs) under semiparametric probit models for the time-to-disease outcome. We plugged in the weighted NPMLEs to construct estimators for the aforementioned causal effects and surrogacy indices, and we determined the asymptotic properties of the proposed estimators. Finite sample performance was evaluated in numerical simulations. Applying the proposed mediation and IV analyses to a mock COVID-19 vaccine trial data, we found that 84.2% of the vaccine efficacy was mediated by 50% pseudovirus neutralizing antibody and that neutralizing antibodies had significant protective effects for COVID-19 risk.
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Objective To explore the sociodemographic and psychological factors influencing the continuity of treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease under the regular epidemic prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods A total of 277 patients with chronic kidney disease who were admitted to Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University) from Apr. 2020 to Mar. 2021 were enrolled and divided into 3 groups: non-dialysis group (n=102), hemodialysis (HD) group (n=108), and peritoneal dialysis (PD) group (n=67). All patients were investigated by online and offline questionnaires, including self-designed basic situation questionnaire, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and self-rating depression scale (SDS). The general sociodemographic data, anxiety and depression of the 3 groups were compared, and the influence of sociodemographic and psychological factors on the interruption or delay of treatment was analyzed by binary logistic regression model. Results There were significant differences in age distribution, marital status, occupation, medical insurance type, caregiver type, whether there was an urgent need for hospitalization and whether treatment was delayed or interrupted among the 3 groups (all P<0.05). The average SAS score of 65 PD patients was 38.15+/-15.83, including 53 (81.5%) patients without anxiety, 7 (10.8%) patients with mild anxiety, and 5 (7.7%) patients with moderate to severe anxiety. The average SAS score of 104 patients in the HD group was 36.86+/-14.03, including 81 (77.9%) patients without anxiety, 18 (17.3%) patients with mild anxiety, and 5 (4.8%) patients with moderate to severe anxiety. There were no significant differences in the mean score of SAS or anxiety severity grading between the 2 groups (both P>0.05). The mean SDS scores of 65 PD patients were 53.42+/-13.30, including 22 (33.8%) patients without depression, 21 (32.3%) patients with mild depression, and 22 (33.8%) patients with moderate to severe depression. The mean SDS scores of 104 patients in the HD group were 50.79+/-10.76, including 36 (34.6%) patients without depression, 56 (53.8%) patients with mild depression, and 12 (11.6%) patients with moderate to severe depression. There were no significant differences in mean SDS scores or depression severity grading between the 2 groups (both P>0.05). The results of intra-group comparison showed that the incidence and severity of depression were higher than those of anxiety in both groups. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that high school education level (odds ratio [OR]=5.618, 95% confidence interval [CI]) 2.136-14.776, P<0.01), and unmarried (OR=6.916, 95% CI 1.441-33.185, P=0.016), divorced (OR= 5.588, 95% CI 1.442-21.664, P=0.013), urgent need for hospitalization (OR=8.655, 95% CI 3.847-19.476, P<0.01) could positively promote the continuity of treatment in maintenance dialysis patients under the regular epidemic prevention and control of COVID-19. In the non-dialysis group, no sociodemographic and psychological factors were found to be associated with the interruption or delay of treatment (P>0.05). Conclusion Education, marital status, and urgent need for hospitalization are correlated with the continuity of treatment in patients with chronic kidney disease on maintenance dialysis.Copyright © 2022, Second Military Medical University Press. All rights reserved.
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An average person carries 1 to 2 kg of microbes in the alimentary track, including the oral cavity. There are more bacteria in a person's mouth than the total human population in the entire world. Oral health is critical to the general systemic health of an individual. The harmonious co-existence between more than 1000 bacterial species and the host's immune system underpins sustained, long-term homeostasis, the sine qua non of oral health. In a similar manner, global oral health is essential for general population health of the world. Since our last review of this subject in 2019, while significant clinical advances continue, the disparity, lack of prevention, insufficient care, and political unrest have persisted or significantly deteriorated. This review focuses on the following important questions: 1.What is oral microbiome? How to detect, characterize, compare, report, and interpret the results?2.How does oral microbiome affect and respond to local and systemic innate immunity?3.What is the role of oral microbiome in the pathogenesis of diseases of the mouth?4.What are the impacts of oral health or the lack of it at the systemic level?5.Why is oral health important at the population level?6.How can the healthcare providers restore and sustain harmonious co-existence between host and oral microbiome?Copyright © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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One of the key elements of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is the pulse wave diagnosis technique, and the pulse wave signal contains a variety of physiological information. A deep learning model was used in this study to train and predict 500 pieces of pulse wave data from adult males during the novel coronavirus epidemic, and it was able to do so with a prediction accuracy of over 70%. © 2022 IEEE.
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Objective: To report the clinical features of pulmonary hypertension diagnosed by echocardiography in 5 patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in order to understand the special clinical manifestations of COVID-19 and explore the possible mechanism. Method(s): The echocardiographic data and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients complicated with pulmonary hypertension diagnosed by echocardiography in Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University were analyzed descriptively from February 5 to March 31, 2020. Result(s): A total of 15 patients with severe and critical COVID-19 patients underwent echocardiography. Of them, 7 patients were diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension, 5 of which were confirmed as complications of COVID-19. Among the 5 patients, 4 were female and 1 was male, aged 62-78 years;4 were with hypertension, 3 were with diabetes, and 1 was with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. All 5 critically ill patients with COVID-19 were given ventilator-assisted breathing, 2 of which were given extracorporeal membrane oxygenation at the same time. According to echocardiography, the systolic pressure of pulmonary artery in 5 patients was 43-65 mmHg, with an average of 54 mmHg. The severity of pulmonary hypertension was graded as mild in 1 patient and moderate in 4 patients. During the follow-up, pulmonary artery systolic pressure gradually decreased to normal in 4 patients, and then ventilator and ECMO were withdrawn;1 patient died due to respiratory failure and persistent pulmonary hypertension. Conclusion(s): Patients with COVID-19 may be complicated by pulmonary hypertension, which is often found in the critical patients. Echocardiography is an important imagingdiagnostic method for pulmonary hypertension in patients with COVID-19.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.
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Objective The epidemic of COVID-19 and its variants is endangering human health. Wearing protective masks can effectively reduce the infection risk by resisting the inhalation of the polluted air containing the coronavirus. Electrospun polyamide nanofibers can be used as the core layer of protective masks and have lately received growing attention because of their high filtration performance and robust mechanical properties. However, existing electrospun polyamide nanofiber filters are usually prepared from toxic solvents which could cause severe environmental pollution and endanger workers' health, hence, their practical application should be restricted. Therefore, it is imperative to seek and develop green-solvent-based polyamide nanofiber filters. Method Innovative polyamide nanofiber filters were developed by direct electrospinning technique based on green solvents (Fig. 1). Ethanol as the solvent and water as the nonsolvent were adopted to prepare the green-solvent-based polyamide (GSPA) nanofibers by designing spinning solutions with different ethanol/water mass ratios (i.e., 10: 0, 9: 1, 8: 2, 7: 3, and 6: 4) . During electrospinning process, the working voltage, tip-to-collector distance, and solution extrusion speed were set as 30 kV, 15 cm and 1 mL/h, respectively. The nanofibers prepared with the different ethanol/water ratios were denoted as GSPA - 0, GSPA - 1, GSPA - 2, GSPA-3, and GSPA-4, respectively. Results It was found that water content had a great influence on the morphological structures of polyamide nanofibers (Fig. 2) - After introducing a small amount of water, the obtained GSPA - 1 nanofibers featuring thinner diameter of 332 nm were compared to the GSPA-0 nanofibers (499 nm). The enhanced conductivity (10. 5 μS/cm) of waterborne spinning solutions (Fig. 3) stimulated more charges on spinning jets and led to larger electrostatic force, thus greatly elongating the jets and thinning the fiber diameter. However, with the further increment of water concentrations from 20% to 40%, the obtained fibers exhibited an increased average diameter ranging from 443 to 1 553 nm, which was mainly attributed to the larger viscosity of spinning solutions. Although water cannot dissolve polyamide, homogenous waterborne polyamide/ethanol solutions can still be obtained with different ethanol/water mass ratios within a broad area in the stable region (Fig. 3) - The average pore size of GSPA -1 membranes decreased by 55% compared with that of GSPA-0 membranes, contributing to high filtration efficiency. Moreover, with different concentrations (10%, 20%, 30%) of water, the fluffy structure of GSPA nanofibers were achieved with a high porosity (> 80%), which would offer more passageways to transmit air rapidly. As the water concentration increased, the breaking strength of membranes increased at first and then decreased (Fig. 5), and the GSPA- 1 membranes exhibited the highest breaking strength of 5. 6 MPa, which was believed to be related to the enhanced entanglements and contacts among the adjacent fibers because of the small fiber diameter. The GSPA -1 membranes displayed the highest filtration efficiency (99. 02%) for the most penetration particles (PM0.3) by virtue of the small fiber diameter but suffered from poor permeability with a pressure drop of 158 Pa. Moreover, the GSPA- 1 membranes possessed the highest quality factor of 0. 029 3 Pa, suggesting the optimal filtration performance among different GSPA membranes. A high PM0.3 removal efficiency (>95%) was achieved for GSPA-1 filters under various airflow velocities ranging from 10 to 90 L/min (Fig. 7). Compared with conventional melt-blown fibers, the GSPA nanofibers featured a smaller diameter and higher Knudsen number (Fig. 8), and PM0.3 were captured mainly on the surfaces of green polyamide nanofibers (Fig. 9), demonstrating the higher adsorption ability benefiting from the larger specific surface area. Conclusion A cleaner production of polyamide nanofibers for air filtration was proposed by direct electrospinning based on green and sustaina le binary solvents of water and ethanol. For the first time, the structure including fiber diameter, porosity, and pore size of electrospun polyamide nanofibers were precisely tailored by manipulating water concentration in spinning solutions. The prepared environmentally friendly polyamide nanofiber filters feature the interconnected porous structure with the nanoscale ID building blocks (332 nm), mean pore size (0.7 μm), and porosity (84%), thus achieving efficient PM0.3 capture performance with the filtration efficiency of 99. 02% and pressure drop of 158 Pa, which could be comparable to previous toxic-solvent-processed nanofibers. Moreover, the GSPA nanofibers exhibit robust mechanical properties with an impressive breaking strength (5 . 6 MPa) and elongation (163. 9%), contributing to withstanding the external forces and deformation in the practical assembly and usage of resultant filters. It is envisaged that the green-solvent-based polyamide nanofibers could be used as promising candidates for next-generation air filters, and the proposed waterborne spinning strategy can provide valuable insights for cleaner production of advanced polyamide textiles. © 2023 China Textile Engineering Society. All rights reserved.
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Several synthetic routes of nirmatrelvir (the ingredient of a new drug to treat COVID-19 made by Pfizer) have been reported. We focused on a second route to improve the synthetic method of nirmatrelvir with a methodology that included different steps. The first step was an analysis of reaction byproducts using acetonitrile as a solvent of the condensation reaction to improve the inversion rate. Then, we used isobutyl acetate as a crystalline solvent to obtain the key intermediate as a solvate, which was a stable crystal product with high purity. Complementarily, we also used trifluoroacetic anhydride as the primary-amide dehydrating agent, and 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran as the solvent to prepare nirmatrelvir, which led to an overall yield of 48% via four steps and a purity of 99.5% according to high-performance liquid chromatography. We also investigated the crystal form of nirmatrelvir: the single-crystal features and transformation from a crystal form to nirmatrelvir were dependent upon temperature. Our data have great value for study of the synthetic method and crystal stability of nirmatrelvir. © 2023 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
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In order to improve the emergency logistics support capacity of Wuhan city and build a transportation power pilot, based on the background of public health emergencies and on the basis of comprehensively summarizing the experience, practices and prominent problems of emergency logistics support work of COVID-19 in Wuhan City, this paper studies from the aspects of development foundation, overall thinking and main tasks, Put forward the systematic framework and specific implementation path of emergency logistics system construction of "building three guarantee systems of reserve facilities, transportation capacity and command and dispatching, and building an information platform”. At the same time, in the construction of emergency logistics command and coordination information platform, K-means clustering method is adopted to achieve scientific matching and efficient connection between emergency materials transit stations and demand points. For other cities It is of practical significance to improve the regional emergency logistics system. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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Disposable polypropylene medical masks are widely used to protect people from injury caused by COVID-19 worldwide. However, disposable medical masks are non-biodegradable materials, and the accumulation of waste masks can pollute the environment and waste resources without a reasonable recycling method. The aims of this study are to transform waste masks into carbon materials and to use them as a dispersant in preparing high-quality 8 mol% Y2O3-doped tetragonal zirconia nanopowders. The waste masks were carbonized to get a carbon source in the first step, then KOH was used to etch the carbon source creating a micropores structure in the carbon material after the carbon-bed heat treatment method. The resulting carbon material is a porous tube structure with a high specific surface area (1220.34 m2/g) and adsorption capacity. The as-obtained porous carbon tubes were applied as a dispersant to produce 8 mol% Y2O3-doped tetragonal zirconia nanopowders, and the resulting nanopowders owned well-dispersed and had the smallest particle size than that prepared by activated carbon as a dispersant. Besides, the sintered 8 mol% Y2O3-doped tetragonal zirconia ceramic possessed high density, which resulted in higher ionic conductivity. These findings suggest that waste face masks can be recycled to prepare high-added-value carbon materials and provide a green and low-cost method to reuse polypropylene waste materials.
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Many nations of the world struggle with the COVID-19 pandemic, as the disease causes wide sweeping changes to society and the economy. One of the consequences of the pandemic is its effect on mental health stress. Gauging stress levels at scale is challenging to implement, as traditional methods require administrative labour and time. However, a combination of supervised Machine Learning (ML) and social media analytics could provide a faster and aggregated way to detect the stress levels of a population. This study investigates the potential clinical usage of ML practices for detecting stress in Twitter content, as a quantitative measure of stress at scale. The stress scores obtained by the models will be compared to the COVID-19 timeline of daily new cases. © 2023 ACM.
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Objective: To investigate the application value of third-generation dual-source CT(3-G DSCT) low-dose scan mode combined with iterative reconstruction technology in the screening of COVID-19 and to evaluate the radiation dose. Method(s): One hundred and twenty patients suspected of COVID-19 from December 2019 to February 2020 were retrospectively analysed and randomly divided into two groups (test group and conventional group, 60 patients in each). The parameters for test group included 3-G DSCT, Turbo Flash scan mode, CARE kV, with reference 90 kV, pitch 2.0, and ADMIRE algorithm, while those parameters for conventional group included the 128-slice CT, conventional spiral scan mode, 120 kV, pitch 1.2, and FBP algorithm. The CT values of aorta, spinal posterior muscle, and subcutaneous fat, the aortic noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast noise ratio (CNR) were compared to evaluate the image quality between two groups. Two experienced doctors scored the image quality using a double-blind method, and compared the CT dose index volume (CTDIvol), dose-length product (DLP), and effective dose (E) of the two groups. Result(s): The CT value of the aorta and spinal posterior muscle and the aortic SNR in the test group were (45.38+/-4.77), (53.41+/-8.44) HU, and 2.82+/-0.59, and significantly higher than those in the conventional group [(39.68+/-6.26), (42.66+/-6.32) HU, 2.58+/-0.61, t=5.608, 7.897, 2.162, P<0.05]. The aortic noise, CNR and subjective scores between the two groups had no significant difference( P>0.05). The CTDIvol, DLP, and E in the test group were (3.09+/-1.02) mGy, (107.57+/-32.81) mGy*cm, (1.51+/-0.46) mSv, significantly lower than those in the conventional group [(7.00+/-1.80) mGy, (261.65+/-73.93) mGy*cm, (3.66+/-1.03) mSv;t=-14.680, -14.756, -14.756, P<0.05]. Conclusion(s): In the screening of COVID-19, using low-dose scanning mode of 3-G DSCT combined with iterative reconstruction technology would provide diagnostic quality images and meanwhile effectively reduce the radiation dose and improve the SNR of the image.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.
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Objective: To explore a low dose CT scanning method on novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia based on infection prevention and control. Method(s): A total of 140 patients with confirmed novel coronavirus pneumonia in Xiehe hospital from January 20, 2020 to February 28, 2020 were undertaken CT scan and divided into low dose group and conventional dose group. The patients in low dose group(120 kV, 31 mAs) consisted of mild type(51), severe type(15) and critically ill type(4);and those in conventional dose group(120 kv, adaptive milliampere second) consisted of mild type(48), severe type(17) and critically ill type(5). The effective radiation dose, SNR and CNR of CT scan were compared between two groups. A senior and a middle radiologist made the image subjective quality scores, respectively. Result(s): The effective dose in low dose group was lower than that of conventional dose group(t=-48.343, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in SNR and CNR between two groups(P>0.05). For severe and critically ill patients, the score in low dose group was significantly lower than that in conventional dose group(t=-2.781, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in scores between two groups for mild patients(P>0.05). Conclusion(s): Low-dose CT scanning could meet the image quality needs for patients with COVID-19 and meanwhile significantly reduce the radiation dose.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.
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The 2019 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine is a major weapon in the fight against the severe acute respiratory syndrome brought about by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The vaccine significantly reduces the risk and severity of infection by SARS-CoV-2. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) need protection from vaccine-preventable diseases including COVID-19. SLE patients have higher rates of severe infections due to immunosuppressive therapies and multiple immunologic defects - both of which are capable of blunting the immune responses after vaccination. In the management of COVID-19, recommendations have been developed to guide adjustments and/or continuation of immunosuppressive therapies for an effective immune response following vaccination with mRNA-based or viral vector-delivered vaccines. Monoclonal antibodies have also become available since December 2021. Here we present three cases of SLE patients who contracted COVID-19 after vaccination. One was managed in ambulatory settings and two required inpatient hospital admission.Copyright © 2022
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Since February 9th, 2020, the mobile CT in Jianghan mobile cabin hospital had begun to be used for scanning patients with COVID-19.The mobile CT has played an irreplaceable role in clinical diagnosis with its unique advantages. During CT scanning, the technicians should not only ensure that the patients receive the radiation dose as low as possible, but also be aware of the importance of the infection prevention and control. Meanwhile, we need concern the technicians about the psychological problems and should take effective action when they occured.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.
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COVID-19 has led to the interruption of personnel flow, and the tourism industry has become one of the most seriously affected industries. With the gradual improvement of the domestic epidemic situation, the tourism industry has recovered in various provinces and regions, but that recovery shows the characteristics of temporal and spatial heterogeneity. From the perspective of "resilience”, this study characterizes the resistance and recovery of the tourism industry in the face of the epidemic impact, analyzes the trends of change, spatial pattern and phased characteristics of tourism resilience, and explores the factors influencing the differences in tourism resili-ence. The results indicate that China's tourism industry shows obvious resilience characteristics, and the trend of tourism resilience in most provinces and regions fluctuates and rises. For example, Gansu, Hainan, Guizhou, Hebei and Shandong have a high level of comprehensive toughness, while Tibet, Ningxia, Shanxi and Beijing have a very low level of comprehensive toughness, and most other provinces and regions show the characteristic pattern of "weak in the north and strong in the south”. This study shows that China's tourism resilience has experienced three stages: hard resistance, accelerated recovery and increasing with fluctuation. The resistance of the tourism industry to the impact of the epidemic is generally weak, and the ability to recover is significantly variable. The severity of the epidemic, the strictness of prevention and control policies, the joint influences of tourist source-destination, tourism foundation, geographical location and other factors will have a certain impact on tourism resilience. © 2023, Editorial office of Journal of Resources and Ecology. All rights reserved.
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Impacted by the global COVID-19 crisis and its sociopolitical shockwaves, pre-existing physical mobility patterns and traditional study-abroad experiences have been thoroughly disrupted and transformed. US higher education institutions have utilized the practices of transnational hybrid learning to sustain the qual-ity and progress of international higher education. This article focuses on a study programme that integrates online and offline learning in Shanghai, China, coordi-nated by a non-profit international higher education exchange agency in partner-ship with eight US universities and one Chinese university from August 2020 to June 2021. Through semi-structured interviews with 32 Chinese students, this article finds that transnational hybrid learning offers students greater geographical and time flexibility, room for self-paced learning and controls on health risks while ensuring face-to-face interactions and physical activities. In addition, the localization of international education might motivate Chinese students to consider their career development that balances their interests and career prospects in response to political and economic uncertainties. However, the communication and learning gaps, weakened intercultural communication, sustained sociocultural alienation and contradictions of two sociocultural contexts render the overall programme experience less desirable. In sum, this article identifies the potential of virtual mobility beyond geographical and policy constraints in transforming and reimagining the practices of transnational higher education in a post-pandemic world. © 2022 Intellect Ltd Article. English language.